Peyronie's Disease: Overview and Recent Treatment Advances
Peyronie's Disease: Overview and Recent Treatment Advances
Genetic predisposition appears to play a role in the development of PD. A family history of this disease is noted in 2% of patients (Chilton et al., 1982), and there is a significant association with Dupuytren's palmar fibromatosis in 16% to 20% of patients (Bystrom, & Rubio, 1976; Chilton et al., 1982; Ling, 1963). Other associated fibrotic conditions include contracture of the plantar fascia (Ledderhose disease) and tympanosclerosis (Jordan & McCammon, 2012). There also appears to be a relationship with Paget disease of the bone (Lyles et al., 1997). Associations with certain tissue types, including human leukocyte antigen B-27 (HLA-B27) (Ralph et al., 1997). HLA-A1 and HLA-DQw2 (Rompel, Weidner, & Mueller-Eckhardt, 1991) and human leukocyte antigen DQ5 (HLADQ5) (Nachtsheim, & Rearden, 1996) have been demonstrated as well. In addition, anti-elastin antibodies have been identified in the sera of patients with PD (Stewart, Malta, Sandberg, & Colburn, 1994) and features of cell-mediated immunity in the Peyronie's tissue, suggesting an underlying autoimmune etiology (Ralph, Marikina, Pryor, & Bottazzo, 1996). Thus, there may be a genetic predisposition to PD; however, trauma and an altered immune response also play a role in the etiology.
Genetic Predisposition
Genetic predisposition appears to play a role in the development of PD. A family history of this disease is noted in 2% of patients (Chilton et al., 1982), and there is a significant association with Dupuytren's palmar fibromatosis in 16% to 20% of patients (Bystrom, & Rubio, 1976; Chilton et al., 1982; Ling, 1963). Other associated fibrotic conditions include contracture of the plantar fascia (Ledderhose disease) and tympanosclerosis (Jordan & McCammon, 2012). There also appears to be a relationship with Paget disease of the bone (Lyles et al., 1997). Associations with certain tissue types, including human leukocyte antigen B-27 (HLA-B27) (Ralph et al., 1997). HLA-A1 and HLA-DQw2 (Rompel, Weidner, & Mueller-Eckhardt, 1991) and human leukocyte antigen DQ5 (HLADQ5) (Nachtsheim, & Rearden, 1996) have been demonstrated as well. In addition, anti-elastin antibodies have been identified in the sera of patients with PD (Stewart, Malta, Sandberg, & Colburn, 1994) and features of cell-mediated immunity in the Peyronie's tissue, suggesting an underlying autoimmune etiology (Ralph, Marikina, Pryor, & Bottazzo, 1996). Thus, there may be a genetic predisposition to PD; however, trauma and an altered immune response also play a role in the etiology.
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