There are basically 3 different stages to the pigeon racing season and each stage requires a different diet and feeding regime for your pigeons which you have to be fully aware of if you are to acquire any success in the sport.
Here are the stages that you need to be aware of and during each of these the pigeon requires a different nutritional balance: Breeding, moulting/off season and training/racing.
At each of the 3 stages your pigeons will need a separate balance of protein, energy (fats and carbohydrates), minerals and vitamins.
Getting the balance right and knowing when and how to introduce changes is critical to your success.
There are also other things to consider like the age and sex of the bird and particular short term considerations like long/short distance race, heavy training period etc.
Most of the dietary elements can be obtained from the food which is packaged by the feed suppliers, but for real success you have to know when to give additional minerals and nutrients and which different mixtures give the best results.
It's well known for example that peanuts provide an excellent source of short burst energy but you have to be careful not to over do it and ensure that the birds are given the correct amount at the correct time of the week during the racing season.
There are also many other supplements which can be given with the food or in the water but again, getting the quantities correct and the timing is the difficult bit and can be the difference between winning and losing.