Grammar

• Grammar is the backbone of any language. Studying Spanish grammar rules allows you to connect vocabulary and phrases quickly and correctly. A thorough study of Spanish grammar should begin with conjugation of the present tense and move through the other verb tenses: perfect, imperfect, future, conditional, present perfect and future perfect. More difficult---but just as necessary for fluency---is an understanding of the three different moods: indicative, imperative and subjunctive. For many students, the subjunctive mood is the most difficult area of Spanish grammar to master; you will want to dedicate significant study time to this tricky topic.
  
  When you buy a Spanish grammar book, make sure that it has loads of practice exercises with corresponding answer keys. Or, for a cheaper option, try one of the myriad Spanish grammar sites online.
  
  

Vocabulary

• As you build and firm your grammatical understanding, you should also develop and expand your working vocabulary. Most Spanish textbooks and workbooks will have vocabulary lists at the end of each chapter. Create flashcards from these lists, making sure to include the gender of nouns. For example, write "el coche" instead of "coche," or "la nariz" instead of "nariz." When you study your flashcards, quiz yourself going both from English to Spanish and from Spanish to English.
  
  There are numerous websites with Spanish vocabulary lists and even online flashcards. Keep in mind, however, that making flashcards by hand is the best way to learn new vocabulary because the act of writing will help etch the word in your mind.
  
  Finally, a Spanish-English dictionary is a vital resource because even the best textbooks have only a limited vocabulary section. Miriam-Webster has an excellent online dictionary.
  
  

Pronunciation

• Although most textbooks will contain written pronunciation guides, there is no substitute for hearing Spanish spoken by a native speaker. When you purchase a Spanish textbook, consider buying one that comes with a CD or audio tapes. The Pimsleur approach, which involves listening to a CD and repeating simple phrases, is also an excellent---though expensive---way of improving your Spanish comprehension and speaking ability in a short period of time.
  
  The best way to improve pronunciation, of course, is to spend extensive time in a Spanish-speaking country. If you lack the time or money for a Venezuelan vacation, however, consider traveling through your TV. Watching a Spanish-language soap opera is an effective and entertaining way to improve your language skills.