Scaling

• Scaling is a procedure that cleans deep under the gums and removes plaque and tartar buildup caused by bacterial accumulation in pockets under the gum line. The procedure is performed using a scaler (metal dental instrument) inserted under the gum line and used to scrape the accumulated material off the teeth. This procedure is most often performed if you have receding gums and moderate to advanced stages of periodontal disease.
  
  

Root Planing

• When the teeth are coated in plaque or tartar buildup, the gums will often pull away and detach. This will lead to receding gums associated with gingivitis. Root planning smoothes the top area of the tooth with the use of a scaler. This allows the gums to reattach to the resulting smoother plane. Root planing is also performed for patients suffering from periodontal disease who have receding gums.
  
  

Procedure

• The procedure for both root planning and scaling is done in quadrants. There are four specific quadrants in the mouth, with two on the top row and two on the bottom row of teeth. Depending on the severity of the periodontal disease, all quadrants may be done at once, or in separate office visits. Generally, local anesthesia and other numbing agents are used on the gums before and during these procedures to prevent pain.
  
  

Healing

• For the gums to properly heal after a root planning or scaling procedure, floss at least twice daily, and brush down on your gums to encourage reattachment. In addition, you may want to use warm salt-water rinses to alleviate discomfort after the procedure. Over-the-counter pain medication is usually sufficient to stop the most severe pain.
  
  

Costs

• Deep cleaning procedures can cost anywhere from $100 to $500 per quadrant. Cost variables include the severity of the condition, and whether you choose pain medication during the procedure. Office visits, X-rays and other dental services may include additional fees.