Comparison of Three Shaping Systems in Simulated Canals
Comparison of Three Shaping Systems in Simulated Canals
The composite images enabled assessment of the material removed by preparation. Twenty segments were assessed along the canal length (10 segments of the outer curvature and 10 segments of the inner curvature). The results in Table 1 show that the removal of material over the length of the canal was not equal on the inner and outer curves. For all instruments significantly more material was removed on the outer wall than the inner wall in the apical and coronal parts of the canal except in segments 2 and 4 of TF and GTX groups respectively (p < 0.05). In the middle part of the canal more material was removed on the inner wall than the outer wall; the difference was statistically significant in segments 5 and 6 of GTX and TF groups and only in segment 6 of AK group (p < 0.05).
Table 2 presents the result comparing the three groups and demonstrates that in segments (1–6) no statistically significant difference among the groups was found in removing material from the outer canal wall. In the GTX group, significantly (p < 0.05) more outer canal wall was removed in segments (7–10) than in the TF and AK groups. In the inner canal wall, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups in removing material in segments (1–3). GTX significantly (p < 0.05) removed more material than the other two systems in segments 4, 7, 8 and 9. In segments 5, 6 and 10, the difference between GTX and TF was statistically not significant.
The cutting efficiency of the instruments, which was represented by the total amount of material removed at both the inner and outer canal walls (20 segments of root canal), is detailed in Table 3, which shows that GTX instruments significantly removed more resin from the middle and coronal parts of the canal (p < 0.000). The difference among the instruments in apical part of the canal was statistically not significant (p ≥ 0.05).
No loss of working length or canal aberration was recorded in any of the groups. All canals remained patent after instrumentation (i.e. none of the canals became blocked with resin chips).
The shortest mean preparation time was recorded when TF instruments were used (444 seconds) followed by AK (528 seconds) and GTX (714 seconds) consequently. The difference among the three systems was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
During the preparation of the canals no instrument fractured. Eleven instruments of TF system (nine of size 25/.08 and two of size 25/.06 taper) and only one instrument of AK (size-25/.04) were deformed.
Results
Comparison of Canal Shape Produced After Instrumentation
The composite images enabled assessment of the material removed by preparation. Twenty segments were assessed along the canal length (10 segments of the outer curvature and 10 segments of the inner curvature). The results in Table 1 show that the removal of material over the length of the canal was not equal on the inner and outer curves. For all instruments significantly more material was removed on the outer wall than the inner wall in the apical and coronal parts of the canal except in segments 2 and 4 of TF and GTX groups respectively (p < 0.05). In the middle part of the canal more material was removed on the inner wall than the outer wall; the difference was statistically significant in segments 5 and 6 of GTX and TF groups and only in segment 6 of AK group (p < 0.05).
Table 2 presents the result comparing the three groups and demonstrates that in segments (1–6) no statistically significant difference among the groups was found in removing material from the outer canal wall. In the GTX group, significantly (p < 0.05) more outer canal wall was removed in segments (7–10) than in the TF and AK groups. In the inner canal wall, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups in removing material in segments (1–3). GTX significantly (p < 0.05) removed more material than the other two systems in segments 4, 7, 8 and 9. In segments 5, 6 and 10, the difference between GTX and TF was statistically not significant.
Total Amount of Material Removed
The cutting efficiency of the instruments, which was represented by the total amount of material removed at both the inner and outer canal walls (20 segments of root canal), is detailed in Table 3, which shows that GTX instruments significantly removed more resin from the middle and coronal parts of the canal (p < 0.000). The difference among the instruments in apical part of the canal was statistically not significant (p ≥ 0.05).
Canal Aberration and Loss of Working Length
No loss of working length or canal aberration was recorded in any of the groups. All canals remained patent after instrumentation (i.e. none of the canals became blocked with resin chips).
Working Time
The shortest mean preparation time was recorded when TF instruments were used (444 seconds) followed by AK (528 seconds) and GTX (714 seconds) consequently. The difference among the three systems was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Working Safety
During the preparation of the canals no instrument fractured. Eleven instruments of TF system (nine of size 25/.08 and two of size 25/.06 taper) and only one instrument of AK (size-25/.04) were deformed.
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