How it Works

• 
  
  According to Do It Now Foundation, it is not clear how Ritalin helps with symptoms of ADD. It is believed that it changes biochemical pathways that process stimuli. Ritalin raises dopamine levels, according to Brookhaven National Laboratory, allowing the child to focus better to complete tasks and to be more attentive and alert. It begins working shortly after it is taken, and the effects last for approximately 3 hours.
  
  

Side Effects

• 
  
  Side effects may include irregular heartbeat, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, irritability and headaches. Severe side effects can include changes in appetite and sleeping habits, agitation, weight loss, and facial tics. Some of these side effects are the result of Ritalin's ability to obstruct fatigue and hunger.
  
  

Addiction

• 
  
  Ritalin, or methylphenidate, is a controlled substance and can become addictive if taken for long periods. There is also the possibility that a child could develop a tolerance, which means that higher doses are necessary for the same result. It is important to consult your physician before making any dosage adjustments for your child.
  
  

Drug Interactions

• Drug interactions may occur if Ritalin is taken with certain medications. These include anti-seizure drugs such as phenobarbital and phenytoin, antidepressants, clonidine, blood pressure treatments such as epinephrine, blood thinners such as warfarin, guanethidine, phylbutazone and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. You should inform your doctor of all medications your child is currently taking.
  
  

Warnings

• Ritalin is not recommended for children who experience anxiety, agitation or tension because it may intensify the symptoms. It should not be given to children whose condition is due to stress or a psychiatric disorder. Ritalin is not recommended for children under the age of 6. It should not be used for severe depression or normal fatigue.