An Approach to the Evaluation and Management of Syncope in Adults
An Approach to the Evaluation and Management of Syncope in Adults
Cohort and population based studies suggest that around 40% of the adult population has experienced a syncopal episode (usually described as a "faint" or "blackout"), with women more likely than men to report such an episode. The incidence is higher with advancing age, and this trend coincides with the increase in prescription of vasoactive drugs and increasing incidence of cardiac arrhythmia in the elderly population. Although comprehensive reviews and guidelines are available for specialists who care for patients referred with syncope, guidance for the non-specialist is sparse. This review provides guidance for generalists who encounter patients who have had transient loss of consciousness that may be syncopal in nature. It is based on cohort studies, randomised controlled trial evidence, and expert consensus guidelines.
Abstract and Introduction
Introduction
Cohort and population based studies suggest that around 40% of the adult population has experienced a syncopal episode (usually described as a "faint" or "blackout"), with women more likely than men to report such an episode. The incidence is higher with advancing age, and this trend coincides with the increase in prescription of vasoactive drugs and increasing incidence of cardiac arrhythmia in the elderly population. Although comprehensive reviews and guidelines are available for specialists who care for patients referred with syncope, guidance for the non-specialist is sparse. This review provides guidance for generalists who encounter patients who have had transient loss of consciousness that may be syncopal in nature. It is based on cohort studies, randomised controlled trial evidence, and expert consensus guidelines.
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