Orchids being a plant that can be found at almost every part of the world, and as being considered to be decorative plants for both indoor and outdoor settings, it can be appealing to gardening aficionados to try growing one.
However, it can be quite difficult to do, but if you succeed in growing your orchids, it can be quite a rewarding experience too - as though you have really achieved something big.
There are two major techniques called "Seed" (symbiotic) and "Meristem Tissue Culture" (asymbiotic) techniques.
These are the ones that are performed in a lab setting.
The seed technique is a symbiotic germination technique, hence the name, because since orchid seeds are so tiny - just the size of dust - and it is nearly impossible to work with under normal house (or greenhouse) conditions, it is sterilized and merged with the symbiotic fungus needed to begin the germination process.
The meristem tissue culture technique is actually more complex than the seed technique.
This technique involves having tissue cultures removed from the orchid under completely sterile conditions and bred in something like a pressure cooker and some flasks (specialized ones, designed for this process).
It actually involves "cooking" and sowing the seeds.
However, the key word for this technique is "sterile" - no contamination of any form whatsoever.
These techniques are best left off with the professionals and experts, but as a neophyte, you can try these under normal house conditions with a little trial and error along the learning process.