Types

• Several different forms of kyphosis exist. A condition called hyper-kyphosis results in an exaggerated hump in the upper portion of a child's back. Scheuermann kyphosis is a more serious form of the condition that is the result of deformities in the vertebrae. Children suffering from Scheuermann kyphosis will develop a curvature in the spine as they grow because the back portion of the vertebrae develops faster than the front portion. Congenital kyphosis is a birth defect seen in babies that is the result of misshaped vertebrae.
  
  

Causes

• Children may develop kyphosis for different reasons. Certain metabolic problems can predispose a child to developing kyphosis. Children with a neuromuscular condition may be at risk for developing kyphosis. Brittle bones are thought to play a role in the development of the condition. Children suffering from spina bifida may also suffer from kyphosis. In some cases, a congenital version of kyphosis may affect a child at birth.
  
  

Symptoms

• Every child affected by kyphosis may exhibit different symptoms. One of the most common symptoms of the condition is uneven shoulders. Some children with kyphosis will lean their heads forward past the rest of their body when they stand. Children may have shoulder blades that sit at different heights. Tight hamstrings are commonly found in children suffering from kyphosis. A hump in the upper portion of the back may also be noticeable.
  
  

Diagnosis

• Doctors may rely on a variety of different methods to diagnose kyphosis in a child. X-rays are commonly used to generate an image of the spine that will allow the doctor to determine the severity of the curvature that might exist. Doctors will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine the various structures around the spine. MRIs can reveal any abnormalities that may be contributing to the curvature of the spine.
  
  

Treatment

• Treatment options for children suffering from kyphosis will vary depending on the severity of the condition. Doctors will use treatment options to stop the spine from curving any further in order to prevent damage to the spinal cord or deformity. Bracing is commonly used during a child's growing years to stop further curvature. The time period the brace must be worn is determined by a doctor. In more severe cases of kyphosis, surgery may be required to treat the condition. A metal rod can be surgically placed into a child's back. Anchors are then inserted into each of the vertebrae. These anchors are then used to attach the vertebrae to the metal rod.