What Do Our Bones Do?

• The human body is made up of 206 bones, which help us stand, walk, move and do many activities without even thinking about them.
  Bones also protect our body's internal organs -- the ribs protect the lungs and heart; the pelvic bones protect our reproductive organs; our skull protects our brain.
  
  Bones are made of minerals and fibers, have a blood supply to keep them healthy, and are quite complex. But as strong as bones are, they will break, or fracture, under pressure or through trauma.
  
  

What Happens When a Bone Breaks?

• There are several types of fractures ranging from simple to severe. Some may involve surrounding tissues and muscles while others may be a simple hairline fracture.
  
  When a bone breaks, there is usually pain and discoloration because the surrounding tissue also has been traumatized.
  
  All fractures require treatment and immobilization -- keeping the bone stable so it can heal.
  
  When a bone breaks, the supply of blood and minerals which keep it healthy is temporarily cut off, making it very important that the bone be "set" in its normal position.
  
  Once the bone is set, it can begin to produce new blood cells and tissue that will rebuild or "knit" the broken ends back in place. Casting or splinting a broken bone will help keep the bone aligned so it can heal properly.
  
  In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to put the bone back in place. Sometimes pins or rods are used to keep it stable and help promote healthy regrowth.
  
  

Keeping Bones Healthy

• As we get older, the bones may become porous or brittle, making them more prone to breaking. When this happens, it takes a longer time for them to heal because they are less dense or sturdy than when the body was younger.
  
  It is important to stay active throughout one's life so as to avoid weakening of the bones. Eating foods high in calcium such as dark leafy greens and dairy products can help keep bones healthy even as we age.