Types

• Homeowners can choose from many different materials when selecting shingles. In the United States, asphalt shingles made from tar and aggregate are the most widely used. Newer asphalt shingles are laminated to improve their durability and moisture resistance. Wood shingles made from cedar or pine are popular in the Northeast, while ceramic shingles are popular in the Southwest. Slate shingles, made from thin sheets of stone, are also used for their appearance and durability.
  
  

Installation

• Most types of shingles are installed using the same basic techniques. The roof is framed using wood or metal studs, then covered with a layer of plywood. This plywood sheathing layer gives the roof structural support and provides a base for securing finished materials. The sheathing is typically covered with a moisture barrier and a layer of installation. Shingles are then installed in layers, with each row designed to overlap the one below it. This overlapping row design helps keep water from entering the home.
  
  

Cost

• When considering the cost of a shingle roof, it is important to consider both upfront and long-term costs. Asphalt shingles are one of the cheapest roofing materials, but they also have a relatively short lifespan. Wood shingles can last for decades, though they tend to be fairly expensive upfront and can require maintenance over time. Ceramic or slate shingles are very durable and low maintenance, though they are very expensive. These materials are also very heavy and may require additions to the roof's structural framing system. Fiber cement shingles offer a moderate upfront cost and can last for decades, making them one of the most cost-effective choices.
  
  

Considerations

• There are a number of factors to consider when choosing shingles. The first is the desired appearance of the roof. This is especially important when part of the roof is visible through windows or from parts of the property. Homeowners should also consider the weight of the materials. Some older homes may not be able to support some heavier types of shingles without undergoing significant upgrades. One should also consider the local weather conditions including wind levels, temperature and snowfall.
  
  

Drawbacks

• Shingles come with a number of potential drawbacks compared to more solid roofing materials. They are less resistant to high winds and tend to experience more weather-related damage. The high number of seams in a shingle roof can increase the risk of leaks and moisture penetration. Shingles also tend to require more maintenance than non-shingled roofs.