• What causes a flaky scalp?Image by Flickr.com, courtesy of Josh Pesavento
  
  

Plaque Psoriasis

• Plaque psoriasis is characterized by the appearance of oily yellow-to-silver scales, or plaques, that can cover the scalp. These plaques can loosen and become dislodged, which can cause flaking in the hair. Flaking can be profuse and the flake size can be quite large, up to penny-sized. Treatments for plaque psoriasis include coal tar shampoos, emollient oils, exposure to sunlight and steroidal cortisone creams.
  
  

Scalp Dermatitis

• Scalp dermatitis appears on the scalp as yellow, oily crusts. The crusts can be localized to a specific region of the scalp, or can migrate down the neck and face and onto the eyelids. If the dermatitis reaches the eyelids treatment can be difficult, so early treatment is imperative. Scalp dermatitis can be treated with steroidal cortisone creams and anti-fungal tea tree oil.
  
  

Scalp Eczema

• Scalp eczema appears on the scalp as patches of pink to red skin that is extremely itchy and produces white, dry flakes. Scalp eczema is typically allergy-related, and treatment involves massaging the scalp with an emollient oil and avoiding allergenic foods or topicals. Emollient oils that can be used for eczema include olive, castor and jojoba. The most common allergens are eggs, chocolate, wheat, dairy products, and hair products that contain strong chemical ingredients.
  
  

Skin Cancer

• Skin cancer lesions can resemble psoriasis plaques, but are typically painful, can become open, and can weep fluid. There are many types of skin cancer, the most common of which are melanoma, basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. Skin cancers can be fatal and will need to be treated by a medical doctor. Treatment can include surgical removal of the cancer, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  
  

Dandruff

• Dandruff is a common cause of scalp flaking that is usually the result of using too many hair products, such as shampoos, hairsprays and gels. Dandruff flakes are usually dry and small, and can become profuse if use of the products is not discontinued. Treatment of dandruff involves using a special dandruff shampoo and not using products that irritate the scalp.