Abamectin is a new farm and animal dual-use antibiotics, with high biological activity to a variety of crop pest mites and pests, is an excellent antibiotic insecticide, miticide. It has the characteristics of broad-spectrum, high efficiency, low residue and safety to humans, animals and environment. Because of its unique mechanism of action, can effectively prevent and treat pests and pest mites which produce resistance to commonly used insecticide, miticide, is one of the ideal pesticide varieties in agricultural integrated pest. Abamectin not only used in controlling agricultural pests, but also widely used in the treatment of a variety of poultry and external parasites disease, is a highly effective broad spectrum and safe poultry insect repellent, to nematodes, insects and mites have driving and killing activity. At present, the abamectin strains used for pesticide production are mostly from the screening natural strains, although through some mutagenic alienation, but the expression level of gene product limited by the bacteria self-regulation system and toxin gene copy number, there are still have slow efficacy, the insecticidal spectrum is relatively narrow and poor stability and other limiting factors.
According to abamectin manufacturer, ivermectin and emamectin benzoate are the upgrade improved products of abamectin. The toxicity of ivermectin is lower, mainly used in the animal (and its structure is more stable, also the world's largest-selling abamectin Series). The activity of emamectin benzoate is higher than abamectin (stomach poisoning toxicity is 2146 times than abamectin), and showed high activity on lepidoptera pests (the effect of abamectin on litura and other Lepidoptera pests is not well, but the effect of emamectin benzoate to Spodoptera litura is very good), these are the differences between them. Summarized in one sentence: abamectin is an ideal drug can used in almost all crops, can prevent almost all pests, and emamectin benzoate is a similar agent of abamectin which the activity is significantly higher.
In the laboratory toxicity determination, abamectin virulence is the highest in all the test agents, but once to the farmland, the control effect of abamectin was not ideal. Some experts believe that it may due to the abamectin is easily to be decomposed, especially decomposed when exposed to light, lead to the farmland test ineffective, but it did not achieve the final consistent interpretation. However, because the field test is not very satisfactory, so now it is rarely see this kind of product on the market.
Its application status reflected in three aspects: First, this product is still the focus of rice integrated pest management drug, mainly applied to paddy rice leaf roller, due to its good activity on stem borer, yellow rice borer, make it larger apply in control stem borer in practical applications, the dose was increased to more than 100 ml per acre, also has a good control effect to brown planthopper. So, the industry called abamectin as biological methamidophos. Second, the application field of prevention met the challenge, the initial application of abamectins prevention and treatment field, such as citrus rust mites, pear psylla, diamondback moth, a variety of crops spider mite and other application field is reducing, mainly caused by the application technology is unreasonable, formulation development is lagging behind, the resistance enhance and alternative drugs constantly developing. Third, new applications are being developed, such as root-knot nematode, pine wilt disease and so on, but in vegetables and fruit trees root-knot nematode control, there are existing large backwardness on formulations, application technology, theoretical guidance and other aspects, even violation of the basic prevention concept problems.
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