A typical storage tank made of FRP has an inlet, an outlet, a vent, an access port, a drain, and an overflow nozzle. However, there are other features that can be included in the tank. Ladders on the outside allow for easy access to the roof for loading. The vessel must be designed to withstand the load of someone standing on these ladders, and even withstand a person standing on the roof. Sloped bottoms allow for easier draining. Level gauges allow someone to accurately read the liquid level in the tank. The vessel must be resistant to the corrosive nature of the fluid it contains. Typically, these vessels have a secondary containment structure, in case the vessel bursts.
Why FRP?
1.The MAIN characteristics of thermo sets (literally 'setting under heat') is that they require curing, when they undergo a molecular cross-linking process which is irreversible and renders them infusible. They thus offer high thermal stability, plus good rigidity and hardness and resistance to creep. It also means that, once cured, the resin and its laminate cannot be reprocessed, except by methods of chemical break-down, which are currently under active development. For practical purposes, therefore, cured thermosetting resins can be recycled most effectively if ground to fine particles, when they can be incorporated into new laminates, as cost-effective fillers.
2.Thermosetting resins have little use as pure resin, but require addition of other chemicals to render them process able. For reinforced plastics, the compounds usually comprise a resin system (with curing agents, hardeners, inhibitors, plasticizers) and fillers and or reinforcement. The resin system provides the 'binder', to a large extent dictating the cost, dimensional stability, heat, chemical resistance and basic flammability. The reinforcement can influence these (particularly heat-and dimensional-stability), but the man effect is on tensile strength and toughness. High-performance fibers, of course, have a fundamental influence on cost.
3.Special fillers and additives can influence mechanical properties, especially for improvement in dimensional stability, but they are mainly used to confer specific properties, such as flame retardancy, UV stability or electrical conductivity.
FRP Properties
1.Epoxy
Excellent composite properties. Very good chemical resistance. Good thermal properties. Very good electrical properties. Low shrinkage on curing. Can be B-staged
2.Phenolic
Very good thermal properties. Good fire resistance (self-extinguishing). B-stage possible. Good electrical properties.
3.Polyester
Wide choice of resins; easy to use. Cure at room temperature and elevated temperature. Very good composite properties. Good chemical resistance. Good electrical properties.
4.Polymide and polyamide-imide
Excellent thermal properties. Good composite properties. Good Electrical Properties. Good fire properties
5.Polyurethane
Good composite properties. Very good chemical resistance. Very high toughness (impact). Good abrasion resistance.
6.Silicone
Very good thermal properties. Excellent chemical resistance. Very good electrical properties. Resistant to hydrolysis, oxidation. Good fire properties (self-extinguishing)-Non-toxic.
7.Vinylester
Good fatigue resistance. Excellent composite properties. Very good chemical resistance. Good toughness.