In the Vehicle

• 1). Remove the spark plugs using a ratchet and a spark plug socket. Check the spark plugs for any damage and excessive soot. Replace the plugs after checking.
  
  
• 2). Pull the oil dip stick from the engine. If the oil level is low, that's a sign of neglect. Check the color and the consistency of the oil. If it is very black and thin, request the service records, as this is a sign of long intervals between oil changes. Check the top of the oil level for foam, which is a sign of water in the oil that can indicate a blown head gasket.
  
  
• 3). Start the engine and allow it to reach operating temperature, about half way up the temperature gauge.
  
  
• 4). Listen for any metallic rattling or knocking. Watch the temperature gauge as well to make certain it does not overheat. Increase the engine speed to simulate driving.
  
  
• 5). Open the hood and listen closely for any metallic noise. Increase the engine speed.
  
  
• 6). Listen for loud hissing sounds and try to smell for anything burning. You are trying to determine if coolant is burning.
  
  
• 7). Check the exhaust output for any blue or black smoke, both of which are signs of engine damage.
  
  
• 8). Drive the vehicle. Do not be afraid to accelerate quickly to make certain the car isn't hesitating or has any other running issues under load.
  
  

Out of the Vehicle

• 1). Remove all of the spark plugs using a ratchet and spark plug socket. Check them for any impact damage or missing parts.
  
  
• 2). Put a crescent wrench on the crankshaft bolt, which is on the main pulley on the front of the engine. Turn the bolt and look through the spark plug holes to watch each cylinder move up and down.
  
  
• 3). Remove the oil dip stick and check the oil for any contamination. Wipe the dip stick with a white rag, checking for any discoloration or metal shavings. Visually check the entire engine for physical damage.
  
  
• 4). Remove the valve cover using a ratchet and socket. Rotate the crankshaft bolt and make certain the timing chain or belt is moving the cam. The timing belt is the rubber belt at the front of the engine. A broken belt or chain can mean expensive repairs will be needed to get the engine running.
  
  
• 5). Spin the water pump, if external, and listen for any grinding sounds. If you hear a grinding sound, remove the water pump, using a ratchet and socket, and visually inspect it for damage.