Temperature

• Maize seeds germinate best in warm temperatures. At least 50 degrees Fahrenheit is recommended for germination with optimal germination occurring at 60 to 95 degrees. Wait 10 days to two weeks, after the last frost, to start planting the seeds as very cold soil causes stunted plant growth, frost damage and weak stands. Seeds that are untreated will not germinate at temperatures less than 65 degrees Fahrenheit, warns Barbara Damrosch in "The Garden Primer."
  
  

Soil

• Soil textures and quality not only affect seed germination but also subsequent growth of plants. Although maize adapts well to a variety of well-drained soils, growth is best in a fertile, loose and deep soil. Plant seeds in sandy soils, when planting early, as they warm up faster in spring and help with germination. Make sure there are no soil clods, prior to seeding, to ensure maximum soil to seed contact.
  
  

Fertilizer

• The optimum pH for growing maize is anywhere between 6 to 6.5. Barbara Damrosch recommends a pH of 6 to 7. Corn plants have a high fertilizer requirement, especially nitrogen. Fertilize well with organic material, such as well-rotted manure or compost, prior to planting for healthy seed germination and during the growing season as well. Work in the fertilizer deeply as the plants have deep feeder roots. Use at least 1-1/2 pounds of actual nitrogen for every 1,000 square feet, recommends the University of Missouri Extension.
  
  

Water

• Maize seeds require consistent soil moisture for germination. This is especially important for sweet corn varieties as these seeds absorb more water for germination. After germination, increase the water frequency as plants get larger and temperatures increase. The shallow-rooted plants need at least 1 inch of water every week. Regular irrigation is especially required at silking, tasseling and for ear growth.