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Hobbies & Science : Society & Culture & Entertainment
Ultraviolet and Photochemical Effects on the Stratosphere
Without the chemical processes taking place high in the stratosphere, life on Earth wouldn't be possible. Hovering between five and 30 miles above the surface, the stratosphere becomes warmer the higher up you go. The most important part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, a thin zone full of a
How to Make Ice Melt Faster
Trying to melt ice the natural way can take quite awhile, but there are a few different methods to speed up the process. Whether you are melting the ice off your driveway or conducting a science experiment, you can use the following method to ensure that the ice melts much faster than usual. By intr
DIY: Firebrick Made of Clay and Wood Ash
Clay bricks of various kinds have been basic building materials for millennia. Do-it-yourselfers still like homemade bricks, whether for the satisfaction of doing it from scratch or to make uniquely designed bricks. Clay bricks require adding nonclay soils to prevent cracking, and fire brick requir
Graco Reactor H40 Parts List
Graco's line of commercial-grade foam-spraying equipment is used in insulation projects ranging from home construction to commercial building and aerospace applications. The Graco Reactor H-40 mid-range model employs hydraulic technology to spray polyurethane foam for high-volume jobs. Several key p
How to Troubleshoot a PS2 Dance Pad
It can be very annoying when the PS2 dance pad starts to get a bit wonky. The arrow buttons press when you don't want them to, or they just won't press at all. When the arrows on your PS2 dance pad starting scrolling through the songs like a ghost is stepping on them, it is time for a little trouble
3D Projects for Carving Wood
Woodcarving is perhaps one of the oldest crafts known to man, and it's been an art form all around the world for centuries. Whether you are an amateur woodworker, or you are an old hand with all of the tools and skills you need, carving a three-dimensional project is a new level of challenge for any
How to Make a Mounting Block
Mounting blocks make it easy for riders to climb up on their horses without help from another person. They especially come in handy for young and short riders. Mounting blocks also make it easier for riders to reach into their stirrups since they provide stability, which comes in handy for older rid
Characteristics of a Rust Fungus
Fungi are microscopic plants that infect green plant tissue and cause various diseases including rust. Of all the disease causing pathogens that are likely to infect plants, including viruses and bacteria, fungi are the most common. Fungi comprise a diverse set of pathogenic plants that do not have
How to Convert Nanograms to Tons
The minute nanogram unit can be converted to the much larger ton. A nanogram equals one-billionth of a gram and measures microscopic mass. A ton can be one of three types: the metric ton, also known as the tonne or t, the short ton and the long ton. Short tons equal just over two thousand pounds, an
Uses of Sodium Metasilicate
Sodium metasilicate, Na₂SiO₃, can be synthesized with various degrees of hydration. This very alkaline substance is formed by combining and melting sodium carbonate with silicon dioxide, Na₂CO₃ + SiO₂ ' Na₂SiO₃ + CO₂'So
The Uses of Anhydrous Citric Acid
Anhydrous citric acid is the name given to the waterless, granulated form of citric acid. This is a substance that occurs naturally in lemon juice. In 1784, Carl Scheele, a Swedish chemist, crystallized lemon juice for the first time. Anhydrous citric acid is a white, odorless and sour powder. The m
How to Choose a Resistor for LEDs
Light Emitting Diodes, known as LEDs, are solid-state lights with long lives and low operating temperatures. They operate at low voltages and currents, permitting batteries to last far longer than is possible powering incandescent bulbs. However, if the voltage exceeds the maximum at which the LED o
How to Make Your Own Spring Airsoft Rifle
Airsoft rifles that use a spring can shoot a projectile farther than those powered by air or rubber bands and are more accurate than pistols because they have longer barrels. Make your own spring-powered airsoft rifle to use for target practice with a few parts purchased from a hardware store. The s
How to Clear a Jammed Parker Mechanical Pencil
Parker mechanical pencils are so durable that they are often in use decades after the initial purchase. Though they're tough and long-lasting, they can still jam on occasion. These jams consist mainly of pieces of lead stuck in the pencil's lead feed mechanism; as long as the lead remains, the penci
How to Draw & Write Up a Family Tree
Researching and compiling a family tree is useful in documenting the history of your family. The research includes interviewing family members, taking notes and collecting data. Once all the family information is complete, it is time to start drawing the family tree on paper. Family trees preserve i
Different Types of Algae
Algae make up a large and diverse group of organisms that can be found everywhere, from oceans and ponds to rocks and soil. Most algae can produce its own food using photosynthesis, like plants do, but algae don't have roots, stems or leaves. Some algae species instead feed off of organisms in the w
10 Things You Can Make Out of Alligator & Crocodile Skin
Alligators and crocodiles often end up as boots, belts, and handbags.alligator image by Vintsik from Fotolia.comMany products that people use on a daily basis are made of leather. Leather is a general term used to products made with animal skins. But some of the most exotic leathers come...
How to Ear-Tag Mice
Scientific research provides society with some of its greatest discoveries; it also presents it with some of its greatest ethical dilemmas. Using animals for scientific research requires respect not only for the research but for the animals themselves. Certain animals, such as mice, have a physiolog