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Hobbies & Science : Society & Culture & Entertainment
What Causes Global Warming and How?
No Silver Bullet for Cause of Global WarmingDebating the cause of global warming can generate passionate disagreements. No matter your stance on the issue, there are some accepted scientific theories that explain global warming and climate change. Explaining what causes global warming...
How to Make a Compass With a Magnet and Paper Clip
If you're learning about magnetism and want to witness its preternatural power for yourself, you can build your own compass. For clarification, a compass is simply a tool that uses the Earth's magnetic field to pinpoint directions, particularly north. Professional compasses feature elaborately draw
What is a Nickel Coin Made Of?
Since 1938, United States five-cent nickel has been made of 25 percent nickel and 75 percent copper. This coin is referred to as the Jefferson Nickel. This nickel features an engraving of Thomas Jefferson on the front, or "obverse" side and Monticello on the back, or "reverse" side. In...
How to Design a Tree Lined Driveway
As the Southern plantation owners knew, there's nothing more inviting or romantic than a tree-lined drive that leads to your home. Passing under a canopy of foliage as you make your way home creates a feeling of leaving the outside world behind and entering your own private haven. It can also be qui
Welding Process for 321 Stainless Castings
Stainless steel castings, such as those of the 321 type, offer a strong structure for high-temperature applications, such as pressurized industrial steam pipes. Intricate pipe mazes require proper welding techniques to ensure airtight connections between pipe sections.
How to Determine the Age of a Stanley Plane
Stanley has been creating tools such as the bench plane since 1843, and it can be difficult to date an antique tool if you don't know where to look, according to the Stanley Company. There are twenty types of Stanley planes dating back to 1867. Each type has subtle differences that distinguish it fr
How to Create a Diode
Don't throw away your old, rusty razor blades; make a radio with them. It sounds improbable, but that's exactly what Allied prisoners managed to do during the Second World War. Faced with a ban on radio sets, and severe punishment if caught with one, they devised ways to make electrical components f
Home-Built Electronics Projects
Many homemade electronics projects are available for those interested.electronics. image by Eldin Muratovic from Fotolia.comElectronics can seem complicated, but believe it or not, it is possible for the average person with a little curiosity and initiative to build many common electronic...
What Are Voltage Gated Ions?
Your neurons generally transmit outbound messages by means of a long cable-like structure called an axon. The axon projects outward from the cell and serves as a conduit for the action potential, the signal sent outwards by the neuron. Voltage-gated ion channels are crucial components that are centr
How to Seal Rosewood
Rosewood is a very hard wood much like teak. These very hard woods have far more natural oils than softer woods like oak or maple. Because of that high oil content, sealing rosewood can prove to be a challenge, even for experienced woodworkers. Save yourself a lot of time, energy and frustration by
12-Volt Battery Capacities
Twelve-volt batteries are commonly used and come in many different varieties. They are used in various situations and have differing capacities. The capacity of a 12-volt battery, as with all batteries, is largely determined by a number of factors.
How to Make Stained Glass Windchimes
Some of the smaller things in life have the ability to bring great pleasure. Stained glass is an example of this. The vibrant, yet transparent colors, the way the glass looks when it's being hit by rays of light--it's magical. Wind chimes also have a similar effect. Who doesn't love the gentle, calm
Phases of Sigmoid Growth Curves
At first glance, nature is bedazzling, what with buds opening, birds soaring, earthworms crawling and deer darting into forests---a spectacular confusion of living things, great and small, continually in motion. Using mathematics, biologists can reduce the confusion, unmasking patterns common to spe
How to Build a Canoe for a School Project
A canoe is a long, thin single- or double-passenger boat that was originally used by Native Americans. Canoes are great for traveling quickly and easily down thin or shallow rivers. For those desiring a challenging class project, canoes offer a quick and relatively easy project that produces a usefu
How to Convert PPM to MG/L
Scientists routinely use units of parts per million, or ppm, to convey information about the concentration of dilute chemical solutions. A solution of one ppm has one part chemical per one million parts of total solution. For example, one gram of chemical in one million grams of solution would be on
Seven Things That Indicate a Chemical Change Is Occurring
A chemical change takes place when one substance changes into another. These changes are also known as chemical reactions. Chemical changes can be a natural occurrence or man-made. Factors that contribute to a chemical change include temperature, concentration of molecules in the substance, the size
Sun Effects on the Ground
You may take for granted the Sun's effects on the ground. After all, the Sun shines and plants grow. Yet the relationship between the Sun and the environment is more complex. Certain conditions are vital in order for the benefits of sunlight to be realized. Likewise, the Sun can also have negative e
How to Tell the Gender of a GloFish
Geneticists use DNA manipulation to add coral DNA to zebrafish make the fish glow a fluorescent green or orange. These modified fish, called GloFish, are widely available to hobbyists. The sex of normal, unmodified, zebrafish is easily established by coloration -- females have silver stripes and mal
How to Build a Wooden Wall Handrail for a Narrow Stairway
Narrow stairways can be cramped and difficult to navigate, making a handrail a necessity. Wall-mounted handrails rely on metal brackets fastened to the wall studs to create a secure installation. Select metal brackets that match the existing metals near your stairway for a unified appearance in your